Inside Small Brown Bug

disaccharides lipid

The disaccharides or double sugars are a type of carbohydrates, or carbohydrates, formed by the union of two monosaccharides same or different by O-glycosidic bond, mono-or dicarbonyl, which can also be α or β-OH according to the hemiacetal. The most common disaccharides are sucrose

• : Formed by the union of glucose and fructose. A sucrose is also called sugar. Lactose
• : Formed by the union of glucose and galactose. It is the milk sugar.
• maltose, isomaltose, trehalose, cellobiose: Formed by the union of all two glucoses, are different depending on the bond between the glucose.

The

sucrose is a disaccharide formed

by a molecule of glucose and one fructose.

Its chemical name is:

alpha-D-glucopyranosyl (1 -> 2)-beta-D-fructofuranose .

Its chemical formula is (C _{12 H 22 O} 11)

Lactose

is a disaccharide formed by the union of glucose and galactose. Lactose is also called milk sugar as it appears in the milk of female mammals at a rate of 4-5%. Camel milk, for example, is rich in lactose. Crystallizes with one molecule of water of hydration, so its formula is: C H 12 O _{22 11} · H 2 O, then it can also call lactose monohydrate. Its molecular weight is 360.32 g / mol

Maltose

is a disaccharide consisting of two glucoses joined by a glycosidic bond between the oxygen produced the first anomeric carbon (from - OH) of glucose and oxygen belonging to the fourth carbon of the other. Therefore, this compound also called alpha-glucopyranosyl (1-4) glucopyranose alpha

The isomaltose

The isomaltose is a double sugar (disaccharide ) formed by two glucose hydroxyl groups linked by carbon 1 in alpha position of one glucose and other carbon 6 of glucose. Thus this compound is also called alpha glucopyranosyl (1-6) glucopyranose beta . Upon binding is apparent that a water molecule and two glucoses are joined by oxygen monocarbonílico acting as a bridge. The isomaltose appears in grains germinated barley . Can be obtained by hydrolysis of starch and Glycogen. Its formula is C 12 _{H 22 O} 11.

Trehalose

is a double sugar (disaccharide), consisting of two glucose molecules where the glycosidic linkage involves the OH groups of the two anomeric carbon. Reducing glucose from two sweets get a nonreducing disaccharide with a low sweetness. On reaching the intestine the trehalose splits into glucose by the enzyme trehalase. The absence of this enzyme causes a disease called trehalose intolerance or intolerance to mushrooms.

is present naturally in mushrooms, fungi, and insect hemolymph. Is being obtained on an industrial scale starting from cereal starch, and is being used in foods for athletes and as a filler.

cellobiose

The cellobiose is a double sugar (disaccharide) formed by two glucose units linked by hydroxyl groups at carbon 1 beta position of glucose and carbon 4 of another glucose. Thus this compound is also called beta glucopyranosyl (1-4) glucopyranose. Upon binding is apparent that a water molecule and two glucoses are linked by an oxygen monocarbonílico that acts as a bridge. The cellobiose appears in the hydrolysis of cellulose. Its formula is C 12 _H 22 O ₁₁ .